whichhilt.blogg.se - Magnesium antidote

Large volumes can cause nerve compression and compartment syndrome.Extravasation is the leaking of a fluid or medication into extravascular tissue from an intravenous device.If the extravasated drug or fluid is a vesicant, a washout procedure is required.Under NO circumstances should the device be flushed.Early identification and appropriate management of extravasation is crucial in order to prevent serious adverse outcomes.Do not use if the solution appears cloudy or particles are visible (calcium gluconate precipitate).Flush the IV line thoroughly between infusions, especially in patients receiving ceftriaxone, cefazolin, amphotericin B and sodium bicarbonate. Calcium gluconate is incompatible with many drugs: do not mix with other drugs in the same syringe or infusion fluid.1 g of calcium gluconate (2.2 mmol or 4.5 mEq) is equivalent to 89 mg of calcium.Several doses at 4-h intervals may be necessary. Calcium gluconate is also administered as adjunctive therapy in insect bites or stings (black widow spider, scorpions) for the management of muscle pain and spasms.Pregnancy and breast-feeding: no contra-indication.The patient should be placed in the horizontal position prior to injection and should remain lying down for 30 to 60 minutes.Do not use in prolonged treatment if plasma-calcium levels cannot be monitored. Hypercalcaemia can be confirmed by monitoring of serum-calcium levels and ECG changes.In severe cases, risk of hypotension, bradycardia, arrhythmia, syncope and cardiac arrest. First signs of hypercalcaemia include nausea, vomiting, thirst and polyuria. hypercalcaemia in the event of too rapid IV injection or overtreatment.tissue necrosis in the event of extravasation.tingling sensations, warm flushes, dizziness.

Do not administer ceftriaxone to neonates receiving calcium gluconate (risk of precipitation of ceftriaxone-calcium salts in lungs and kidneys).

Do not administer to patients with severe renal disease or patients receiving cardiac glycosides.

For hypocalcaemia, change to oral route as soon as possible.Ĭontra-indications, adverse effects, precautions.

According to clinical response and plasma-calcium levels.

Child 20 kg and over and adult: 10 ml by slow IV injection (over at least 5 minutes).

10 ml) by slow IV injection (over at least 5 minutes)

Child 20 kg and over and adult: 10 ml by slow IV injection (over at least 5 minutes) then 40 ml in a 250 ml or 500 ml bottle or bag by continuous infusion over 24 hours.

40 ml) in a 100 ml bottle or bag by continuous infusion over 24 hours 10 ml) by slow IV injection (over at least 5 minutes) then 2 to 4 ml/kg (max.

Neonate and child under 20 kg: 0.5 ml/kg (max.

Mix thoroughly the calcium and the infusion fluid by inverting at least 5 times the infusion bottle or bag.

The calcium concentration in the infusion fluid should not exceed 50 mg/ml.1 ml of calcium gluconate to 4 ml of diluent), however it may be administered undiluted in emergencies.

For slow IV injection in children, dilute 1 part of calcium gluconate to 4 parts of diluent (i.e.1 g ampoule (100 mg/ml, 10 ml 10% solution) for slow IV injection or infusion in 5% glucose or 0.9% sodium chloride or Ringer lactate.Forms and strengths, route of administration